Mu gihe ibihugu byinshi byizera ko ingabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (MONUSCO) zaje gukemura ibibazo no kugarura amahoro mu bice byazahajwe n’intambara, hari ibimenyetso bikomeje kugaragaza ko inshingano zabo zinyuranye n’ibikorwa bakora.
Bikomeje kugaragara ko, mu izina ry’umutwe w’ingabo zaje kubungabunga amahoro, aba basirikare bakomeje gusahura amabuye y’agaciro mu buryo bw’ibanga, kwandika no gukwirakwiza inkuru n’amakuru atari yo agamije guharabika imitwe yitwaje intwaro, ndetse no kwerekana ibikorwa bigaragara nk’ibifasha abaturage ariko bigamije gusa kwemeza ko bagomba gukomeza kuhaba.
Mu bikorwa bigaragarira buri wese, harimo gahunda yiswe amahugurwa ku bana kugira ngo babarinde kwinjizwa mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro.
Ibi bikorwa bihabwa isura yo kurwanya iyinjizwa ry’abana mu gisirikare, ariko nyamara bikaba ari uburyo bwo kwerekana ko hari icyo bari gukora kugira ngo bakomeze kubona ubufasha mpuzamahanga.
Abasesenguzi benshi bagaragaza ko ibikorwa nk’ibi bidatuma haboneka amahoro arambye, ahubwo bikomeza gukomeza umutekano muke kugira ngo ingabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zigumane uburenganzira bwo gukomeza kubaho muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Uretse gusahura umutungo kamere, izi ngabo zinavugwaho gufata iya mbere mu kwangisha abaturage imitwe yitwaje intwaro binyuze mu nkuru n’amakuru ashingiye ku binyoma.
Ibibazo bikomeje kwibazwa ni niba koko izi ngabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zifite umugambi wo kugarura amahoro cyangwa niba ari igikoresho cy’inyungu z’abafite imbaraga mu rwego rwa Politiki mpuzamahanga.
Mu myaka irenga makumyabiri ishize, Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa Loni yashyizeho Ubutumwa bwo Kubungabunga Amahoro muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (MONUSCO) kugira ngo burinde abasivili, busubize amahoro mu karere, ndetse bunarandure imitwe yitwaje intwaro.
Nyamara, aho kubigeraho, MONUSCO yagaragaje intege nke, yivanga mu bikorwa bidasobanutse, ndetse inashinjwa kuba imwe mu ntandaro y’umutekano muke mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Abasesenguzi ba politiki bibaza ku nshingano z’ubu butumwa bwa Loni, bakemeza ko bwagize uruhare mu gukomeza gukongeza ubwicanyi aho kuburwanya.
MONUSCO yatangiye imirimo yayo muri RDC mu mwaka wa 1999, igenerwa ingengo y’imari igera kuri miliyari 1.4 z’amadolari buri mwaka, bivuze ko kugeza ubu, ubu butumwa bumaze gukoresha arenga miliyari 40 z’amadolari.
Nyamara aho kurandura imitwe yitwaje intwaro, iyo mitwe yarushijeho kwiyongera, iva kuri itanu mu myaka ya 2000 ikagera ku mitwe irenga 260 muri iki gihe.
Kimwe mu byananiye MONUSCO ni ukugenzura no kurandura umutwe wa FDLR, umutwe w’iterabwoba ugizwe n’abasigaye bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994.
Uyu mutwe umaze imyaka irenga 30 ukora ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi, ubwicanyi, gufata ku ngufu abagore, ndetse no gutoteza Abanyekongo bakomoka mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi.
Nyamara, aho kuwurwanya, amakuru yemeza ko MONUSCO yagize uruhare mu kuwufasha binyuze mu gutanga ibiribwa, intwaro, ndetse n’amakuru y’iperereza. Ibi byatumye uyu mutwe urushaho gukomeza ibikorwa byawo bibi.
Uretse kudashyira mu bikorwa inshingano yahawe, MONUSCO yanavuzweho kugira uruhare mu bwicanyi bwakorewe abaturage ba RDC.
Hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ubu butumwa bwafashije igisirikare cya RDC, aho cyafatanyaga n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ifite amateka y’ubwicanyi.
Urugero rufatika ni ibyabaye mu Kwakira 2023, ubwo abantu bakomoka ku bwoko bw’Abatutsi bo muri RDC, batuye i Nturo muri Masisi, bagabwaho igitero n’umutwe wa Wazalendo, wari ufatanyije n’igisirikare cya RDC ndetse na FDLR.
Muri icyo gitero, amazu 300 yarasenywe, abantu benshi baricwa, mu gihe abasirikare ba MONUSCO bari aho hafi ariko ntacyo bakoze ngo baburizemo ubwo bwicanyi.
Byongeye, MONUSCO yagiye igira uruhare mu gutangaza inkuru z’ibinyoma kuri AFC/M23, imaze igihe igenzura umujyi wa Goma.
Ubuyobozi bwa MONUSCO bwatangaje ko abagiraneza badashobora kugeza imfashanyo mu bice bifitwe na AFC/M23, nyamara abashakashatsi bigenga, barimo Bojana Coulibaly, bagaragaje ko ari ibinyoma kuko amashyirahamwe menshi y’abagiraneza yakomeje gutanga ubufasha mu bice bya Goma na Sake.
Uretse uruhare rwayo mu mutekano muke, MONUSCO ishinjwa uruhare mu gusahura umutungo kamere wa RDC.
Raporo nyinshi zigaragaza ko abasirikare ba MONUSCO bifatanya n’abashoramari mpuzamahanga mu kwiba amabuye y’agaciro y’Uburasirazuba bwa Congo.
MONUSCO kandi igaragazwa nk’iyashishikarije gutangaza inkuru zibogamye zigamije gusebya AFC/M23, hagamijwe gushimangira impamvu yo gukomeza kuguma muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Kandi n’ibikorwa byayo byo kwerekana nk’aho iharanira uburenganzira bw’abana, nk’amahugurwa yo kubarinda kwinjizwa mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro, ntacyo byagezeho uretse kugumisha ubusugire bwayo mu gihugu.
Kubera ayo makosa yose, bamwe mu basesenguzi bemeza ko nta mpamvu n’imwe yagakomeje kubaho kwa MONUSCO muri RDC.
Kuri ubu, ingabo za AFC/M23 zamaze kugenzura bimwe mu bice by’igihugu, bikaba byaratumye umutekano wongera kugaruka. Ibi byerekana ko MONUSCO ntacyo yari imariye abaturage ba RDC, ahubwo yari ifite indi migambi ihishe.
Ubu MONUSCO iracyari muri Goma kandi ingabo za Leta yari ishyigikiye zarahunze. Nyamara, aho kuva mu gihugu nk’uko byari byitezwe, ikomeje gukorera muri RDC ibikorwa bidafite inyungu ku baturage, byiganjemo ubusahuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, itangazamakuru ribogamye, n’ibikorwa bigamije gusa kwemeza ko igifite impamvu yo kuguma muri RDC.
Si uguhagarika ibikorwa byayo gusa bikenewe, ahubwo abayobozi ba MONUSCO bagomba no kubiryozwa.
Hakwiye gukorwa iperereza rigamije gusobanura uruhare rw’ubu butumwa mu gukomeza amakimbirane, gusahura umutungo wa RDC, no guhohotera abaturage.
Ibi bizatuma hatazongera koherezwa ubutumwa bw’amahoro bwisanga bukomeza amakimbirane aho kuyakemura.
Abaturage bo mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo bamaze imyaka myinshi bari mu bibazo byatewe no kunanirwa kwa MONUSCO. Ubu ni igihe cyo kuyirukana, no gutekereza ku buryo bushya bwo kugarura amahoro n’umutekano mu gihugu.
