“Kuki AFC/M23 ubundi itirukana SADC na MONUSCO?” Ni ikibazo kimaze iminsi kibazwa cyane mu banyamakuru, abasesenguzi ndetse n’abakurikiranira hafi ibibera mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Uko iminsi igenda ihita, niko bigenda bisobanuka ko igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo kidashobora gutangwa hatabanje gusobanurwa aho ibintu bigeze ku rugamba, ubushishozi bwa diplomasi AFC/M23 iri gukoresha, n’ibihishe inyuma y’uruhare rwa SADC, MONUSCO n’ingabo za FARDC.
Uretse abarwanya AFC/M23 ku mugaragaro, benshi mu bayisesenguraho ku buryo bwimbitse bemeza ko urugamba rwo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC, cyane cyane muri Nord na Sud Kivu, rumaze guhindura isura.
Amakuru yizewe avuga ko AFC/M23 ifite ubushobozi bwo guhashya ibitero byose biba biyigabweho. Ibi ntibyaturutse ku bwitange bw’abarwanyi gusa, ahubwo bifitanye isano ya hafi n’uburyo buhanitse bw’ubutasi, gukorana n’abaturage ndetse n’ubushishozi mu guhitamo aho barwana, uko barwana n’igihe barwanira.
Ku itariki ya 11 Mata 2025, SADC yahuriye hamwe na Wazalendo, ingabo za FARDC zari zisigaye hamwe n’imitwe nka FDLR kugira ngo bongere bagerageze kwigarurira Goma.
Nyamara nk’uko bisanzwe, AFC/M23 yari yabimenye kare ibashwanyaguza itarabaha amahirwe yo kugera ku ntego.
Nubwo AFC/M23 ifite ubushobozi bwo kwirukana burundu ingabo za SADC n’abafatanyabikorwa bazo nk’iza MONUSCO, hari impamvu zifatika zituma bitagenda uko benshi babyifuza cyangwa babitekereza. Impamvu ya mbere ni diplomasi – intwaro ikomeye cyane mu guhindura amateka kurusha amasasu.
Mu minsi yashize, umugabo ukomeye wigeze kuba Ambasaderi w’Ubudage mu bihugu byinshi birimo n’u Rwanda, yasuye AFC/M23.
Uyu mugabo uzwiho kugira inshuti zikomeye ku isi hose, akaba n’inararibonye mu bibazo by’akarere, yagaragaje ko AFC/M23 iri kwitwara neza mu guharanira amahoro.
Yashimye cyane uburyo bafunguriye amarembo abashaka kureba aho ibintu bigeze aho guhora bemera amakuru y’impimbano aturuka i Kinshasa.
AFC/M23 yahisemo kugaragaza uruhande rwayo rwa diplomasi nyakuri kugira ngo isi yose yibonere uko ibintu bihagaze, aho kwemera gushyirwa mu kato kwa politiki. Iyi myitwarire ibereye igihugu cyangwa umutwe wifuza kubaka ejo hazaza hadashingiye ku ntambara gusa.
Kuba AFC/M23 itarahondaguye abasirikare ba SADC ngo ibirukane burundu bifasha SADC kugira isura ihwitse ku rwego mpuzamahanga ndetse no mu bihugu abasirikare bayo baturukamo nka Afurika y’Epfo.
Kandi AFC/M23 irabizi ko kubasohora nabi bishobora gutuma havuka indi ntambara nini ifite ingaruka ku baturage bo muri Kivu no ku bandi baturage ba Afurika yo hagati.
Ibi kandi bifitanye isano n’amatora yegereje muri Afurika y’Epfo, aho abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi biteguye gukoresha gutsindwa kwa SADC nk’intwaro yo kugira ngo babone amajwi.
Kwemera ko AFC/M23 yabatsinze bishobora guhungabanya ubutegetsi buriho, bikagira ingaruka ku mutekano wa politiki muri icyo gihugu.
Nubwo MONUSCO igaragaza ko ari intumwa za Loni, amakuru yizewe avuga ko mu nkambi zayo harimo abasirikare ba FARDC bari bihishemo, kimwe n’aba SADC.
AFC/M23 yarabimenye, ariko yifashishije ubutasi buhanitse, yubatse icyizere mu banyamahanga ko idashaka imirwano idafite umumaro ahubwo ishaka kugarura ituze n’iterambere mu turere igenzura.
Kugeza ubu, inkambi za MONUSCO na SADC ziri ku gipimo cya 100% cya gucungwa n’iperereza rya M23. Ushaka gusohoka muri iyo nkambi adahawe uruhushya, araraswa ako kanya. Ibi byose bikorwa mu ibanga rikomeye ry’ubutasi aho gukoresha imbaraga z’intambara.
Abasesenguzi bemeza ko AFC/M23 yashoye umutungo wayo mu ikoranabuhanga aho kuwuharira imirwano.
Ibyuma by’iperereza, uburyo bwo kugenzura ibikorwa bya Gisirikare hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, n’uburyo bwo guhanahana amakuru mu buryo bwihuse byatumye bahora barusha intambwe SADC na FARDC.
Aha ni ho SADC yasigaye: bumvaga ko bafite ubwenge buhagije, ariko birengagiza ko General Makenga n’itsinda rye bafite ubunararibonye buhambaye bwubakiye ku myaka irenga 30 y’intambara.
AFC/M23 yamenye ko muri iki gihe intwaro atari amasasu gusa, ahubwo imvugo, imikoranire n’amategeko mpuzamahanga nabyo ari intwaro zikomeye.
Niyo mpamvu amasasu iyakoresha gake ariko ahantu h’ingenzi, aho biba ngombwa gusa. Nk’uko bamwe babivuga: “Bahondwa accordingly.”
Ibi ni nabyo byatumye umugambi wa SADC n’abayoboke bayo wo kwigarurira Goma uhurirana n’“uguhondwa” gukwiye.
Imigambi yabo ntiyigeze igera ku ntego, ahubwo babayeho nk’abantu batsinzwe – bivuze ko bahagaritswe mbere yo kugera aho bashakaga.
AFC/M23 ntiyirukana SADC na MONUSCO burundu atari uko idafite ubushobozi, ahubwo ni uko iri gukoresha ubuhanga n’ubwitonzi bwa diplomasi mu guharanira umutekano urambye.
Ibi biragaragaza impinduka mu mitekerereze y’imiyoborere ya gisirikare muri Kivu – aho imbaraga z’amasasu zitagisumba ubushishozi bwa politiki, ikoranabuhanga n’ubushishozi mu gucunga amategeko mpuzamahanga.
Iyo niyo nzira nshya AFC/M23 yahisemo, kandi biragaragara ko irimo kugerwaho.
